اقلیم و بوم سازگان مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک

اقلیم و بوم سازگان مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک

تأثیر باکتری های محرک رشد گیاه و مواد هیومیکی استخراج شده از بیوچار درخت Platanus orientalis بر شاخص های جوانه زنی و رشد Sesbania rostrata

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل
2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل
3 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل
4 PhD، کارشناس آزمایشگاه گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زابل
چکیده
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر پرایمینگ بذور Sesbania rostrata با باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه همراه با فولویک و هیومیک اسید (استخراج شده از بیوچار درخت چنار) بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذور و رشد گیاهچه آن‌ انجام شد. برای این منظور کشت درون شیشه‎ای به‎صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار مجموعاً در 36 واحد آزمایشی اجرا شد. فاکتور اول در سه سطح شامل: پرایمینگ بذور با آب مقطر (شاهد)، هیومیک اسید و فولویک اسید؛ فاکتور دوم در سه سطح شامل: پرایمینگ بذور با سرم فیزیولوژیک (شاهد)، سویه‌های باکتری Staphylococcus sp. R38N2 و Pseudomonas sp. R27N7 بود. تعداد 10 بذر ضدعفونی سطحی شده بر روی کاغذ صافی در درون هر پتری‌دیش قرار داده شدند. سپس تیمارهای آزمایشی به واحد‌های آزمایشی اضافه گردید و در دمای 2±25 درجه سلسیوس در ژرمیناتور قرار داده شدند. شمارش روزانه تعداد بذرهای جوانه‎زده از 13 تا 30 روز پس از شروع آزمایش ادامه یافت. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار فولویک اسید-سرم فیزیولوژیک از نظر بهبود تمامی صفات اندازه‌گیری شده بهترین تیمار نسبت به شاهد بود. بطوریکه این تیمار شاخص‌های رشد گیاهچه شامل ارتفاع گیاهچه و اندام هوایی، طول ریشه‌چه و وزن خشک گیاهچه را به ترتیب 20/7، 32/44، 74/4 و 5/9 برابر نمود. همچنین شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر شامل درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی، میانگین جوانه‌زنی روزانه، ارزش انتخاب و جوانه‌زنی، شاخص بنیه I و II را به ترتیب 2، 5/4، 2، 19/3، 13/7، 66/5 و 96/18 برابر افزایش داد. علاوه بر این متوسط زمان جوانه‌زنی را نیز 46/24 درصد کاهش داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Extracted Humic Substances from Biochar of Platanus orientalis Tree on the Germination and Growth Indices of Sesbania rostrata

نویسندگان English

Mina Aqel Khajedad 1
Ahmad Gholamalizadeh Ahangar 2
Ebrahim Shirmohammadi 3
Fatemeh Khosravi 4
1 MSc student, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Soil and Water Engineering, University of Zabol
2 Associate Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Water and Soil Engineering, University of Zabol
3 Assistant Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Soil and Water Engineering, University of Zabol
4 PhD, Laboratory Expert, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol
چکیده English

Background and Objectives: Difficulties in seed germination for many medicinal plants have led to significant limitations in cultivating these plants in managed ecosystems, such as agricultural lands, where they are grown in large areas with a uniform green surface. Given the necessity for medicine production, the raw materials used should possess superior quality and minimum pollution. It seems that investigating the effectiveness of Sesbania rostrata seed priming techniques with biological fertilizers, such as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, and organic fertilizers, such as humic acid and fulvic acid, is essential, because these fertilizers are compatible with natural ecosystems and align with sustainable agricultural policies. Hence, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of Sesbania rostrata seeds priming with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as well as fulvic and humic acid (extracted from Oriental plane tree biochar) on the indices of seed germination and seedling growth.
Materials and Methods: In-vitro cultivation was carried out in a factorial and completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications in a total of 36 experimental units. The first factor, which was implemented at three levels, included seed priming with distilled water (control), humic acid, and fulvic acid; and the second factor, which was implemented at three levels, included seed priming with physiological serum (control), as well as Staphylococcus sp. R38N2 and Pseudomonas sp. R27N7 bacteria strains. Ten surface-sterilized seeds were placed on a filter paper inside each petri dish. Then, the treatments were added to the experimental units and placed in the germinator at a temperature of 25±2 degrees Celsius. Germinated seeds were counted daily from 13 to 30 days after the start of the experiment.
Results: Results showed that fulvic acid- physiological serum was the best treatment compared to the control in terms of improvement of all measured traits. This treatment increased the seed germination indices, including seed germination percentage, germination rate, mean daily germination, peak value, germination value and seedling vigor I and II by 2, 4.5, 2, 3.19, 7.13, 5.66, and 18.96 times, respectively. In addition, it reduced mean germination time by 24.46%. Additionally, seedling growth indices including seedling height, shoot height, root length, and seedling dry weight were increased by 7.44, 20.32, 4.74, and 9.5 times, respectively.
Conclusion: Fulvic acid-physiological serum treatment was found to be the most effective in enhancing all indicators of seed germination and seedling growth in Sesbania rostrata, when compared to the control. Furthermore, the following treatments were ranked right after each other for their ability to enhance seed germination and seedling growth in Sesbania rostrata: fulvic acid-Pseudomonas sp. R27N7, distilled water-Staphylococcus sp. R38N2, humic acid-Staphylococcus sp. R38N2, and fulvic acid-Staphylococcus sp. R38N2.

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